Private - Bio 1

It might appear complex but the most important thing that need to be noted is that this food chain exist, and the management thereoff will directly effect your soils health.

(b) Ecological Role of Organisms

- When organic materials falls on soil the organisms start to break the matter down into very small (0.002mm) plates called “collides”. If one look at the polarity of this collide you  will find that it has a very strong negative polarity. With most elements being positive in polarity causes the two to bind into a healthy food source.

Thus the Cation Exchange Capacity(CEC) which is the capacity of soil to hold and exchange elements are directly related to your organic material content.

- Soil organisms also support plant health by the excretion of many micro-elements from the materials they digest. In Types & Properties of these organisms we will discuss how they do nutrient recycling in your soil.

There are millions of types of organisms but should be noted is that “Nature demands diversity”. Bacteria has a simple C:N ratio of 5:1.

Which translated means, that for every 5xCarbon's the organism use it will require 1xNitrogen as well.

Protozoa

There are three main groups of protozoa namely Ciliates, Flagellates and Amoeba. Each have its own unique environment in which it want to live. Bacteria can be considered the buck, and Protozoa are the lions. Protozoa have a general C:N ratio of 25:1.

        Ciliates 

              

Ciliates feed mostly on anaerobic organisms and that a high population of Ciliates will basically indicate that your soil/compost are turning anaerobic.

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   Flagellates                         

             

Flagellates feed on Ciliates and some nematodes and a high population of Flagellates, will basically indicate that your soil/compost are aerobic and healthy.

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     Amoeba  

             

Amoeba is one of the few organisms we were shown at school's. It is the most difficult organism to promote due to its sensitivity. They are however a indicator of well digested and aerobic composts and soil's.

To test for these organisms can be done at some labaratories and it is recommended that composts used for food purposes be tested. Healthy compost will deliver healthier products, and with the analysis can other organisms such as 'Ecoli' and 'Salmonella' be identified and verified.

Nematodes

Nematodes can cause allot of problems within the agricultural industry, and to solve this problem the use of pesticides have been recommended. Pesticides however kills indiscriminately, which means that they kill the beneficial Nematodes too! The ratio between beneficial nematodes to detrimental nematodes are 4:1. By destroying all nematodes will bring that ratio to 1:1 making it difficult for the beneficial nematodes to out grow the detrimental ones. Thus once again, “Nature demands diversity”.

To show a view of the nematodes in a normal environment will make identifying them difficult, and that these photo's is only an illustration of them as singularities.

              

The main groups of nematodes are the Plant-feeding, Bacterial-feeding and the Fungal- feeding nematodes.

Ecologically friendly methods of solving a nematode outbreak will not destroy the rest

of your soil biology allowing your soil to move forward on the succesion scale and not backward. Nematodes have an average C:N ratio of 250:1

Fungi

Fungi are basically designed to break down organic/carbon matter. They are a good sign in terms of soil biology indicating that the soil has an active food chain. Fungi rarely shows itself in conditions without a healthy food chain. By establishing fungi in your soil will indicate that you have moved forward on the Succession scale.

The main groups of Fungi are;

Mycorrhizal Fungi 

                      

 

Micorrhizal Fungi lives in symbiosis with plant roots and supply nutrients such as Nitrogen(N) and Phosphates(P) to the plant

and they also feed on certain nematodes. By introducing micorrhiza into your soil have also been proven to increase water retention drastically.

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Saprophytic Fungi 

                        

Saprophytic Fungi feeds on organic matter by which they recycle any organic material's back into 'collide' sized humus.

Fungicides that are applied to control certain plant-fungal diseases have the same effect as pesticides, it kills indiscriminately moving you backwards on the scale towards pioneer soils. With a few adjustments can the damage caused also be reduced, allowing your soil to return to normal conditions as quickly as possible.

(d) Balance

Biodiversity is the key to a healthy soil biology. By nurturing your soil with the basic requirements will return your soil's capacity to maintain life. With a bio-diverse environment will the natural laws take effect, and between all the organisms in the soil will one or more either; 

• Predate - Another organism(e.g. Nematodes) would feed on the growing numbers of the potential problematic organism(e.g. Botyrus a root fungi). Limiting their growth.  
• Inhibition - a Bacteria could inhibit another problematic insect or micro-organisms by feeding or irritating its eggs or means to procreate.
• Competition -  Like with the above mentioned approaches(predate and inhibition) it works much like nature as we know it. There will be other organisms that would eat the same resource, making an  outbreak of a specific organism much less likely.

These three approaches will show you to rather start asking why is the food there, on which the problematic organisms thrives on. Enabling you to find a progressive solution.

(e) Nutrient Recycling

With an active soil biology can nutrient recycling take place, which releases readily plant accessible nutrients into the soil. In the agricultural industry there will always be a need for extra fertilizers, but chronic over-feeding of fertilizers have disrupted the natural process of soil.

The following schematic have many variables in terms with the different types of organisms and their requirements, but the principal of nutrient recycling stays the same. Organisms consist of a Carbon : Nitrogen ratio, of;

In theory all the nitrogen plants need is in the air above it, because that is what our

air made off, at least 70% nitrogen. Organisms resporatory actions also recycles air into usable foods, that is how a forest survives without anybody supplying nutrition.

Amino-acid's are also produced by soil organisms which dissolve small amounts of minerals by which other elements fall part of the food chain.

(f) Natural Composting

In a natural environment organic materials will fall, decompose and be recycled. Due to agriculure's needs to remove the produce for sales and usage, soil's became seriously depleted with carbon. The volumes needed to distribute compost over large areas were more often than not impossible.

To restart the cycle of natural decomposition it must be remembered that all organic materials can be composted, some might take longer for example where there are traces of chemicals and antibiotics in the materials.

These materials should be able to break down quite quickly, except in environments where chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used. This destroys the digestive system, but with adjustments to your fertilizers can the damage to your soil biology be limited.

To re-introduce organisms in soil's brought the methods of Compost Tea and Effective Micro-Organisms into life. By using these organisms to re-activate your soil biology, any organic materials can be broken down naturally and also be re-introduced simpliy and effectively after using fertilizers. With a healthy soil profile more of your soil will be able to take care of the plants it lives with.

Methods of natural- and other composting are disscussed in Bio 2.

4. Current Conditions

Summary of Current Situation:

Soil

- Soil carbon levels are mostly drained out; 

- Low/No microbial diversity and activity; 

- Deteriating soil profiles, such as compactation or erosion; 

- Serious chemical imbalances which affects the plant's health 

- Mineral and chemical build up. Resulting in a high EC(Electrical conductivity) mostly insoluble salts; 

- Low water retention; 

- Minerals leach out of soil quickly, due to the low CEC(Cation Exchange Capacity); 

- Soil borne diseases becomes more frequent;

Plants

- Low resilience to pest attacks which in time, become plagues; 

- Low resilience to climatic changes; (Droughts and Floods) 

- Rapid changes in plant health/colours, requiring constant attention and dosages; 

- Weak stem and root development; 

- The appearance of constant Nitrogen shortages; 

- Slow recovery after fertlization or pest control;

Produce

- Uneven growth, influencing harvesting; 

- Low Nutritional value which affects our health; 

- Very sensitive produce with a low shelf life; 

- Pesticide traces on our food are not uncommon in the market; 

- Taste is affected, with some vegetables having a bad taste, eg tasting like water or chlorine.

Financial

- The increase of chemical fertilizer prices; 

- Pesticides and Herbicides general costs; 

- The general increase of running costs just to fertilize and prepare soil; 

- Lower quantity;

- and quality produce output.

5. Natural Reciliance

All plant's natural resilience are directly dependent on the soil they are in. With active soil profiles the root development are strong and deep within your soil thereby lowering the damages of water shortages and floods. With a general water retention increase the need to irrigate will also be reduced.

Pest and plague outbreaks wil also be reduced because the high biodiversity of organisms will either out-compete, predate or inhibit any organism to become to dominant. Strong plant health which is based on soil health will also prevent outbreaks and simplify disease control.

6. General Soil Assessment

To be able to put down a benchmark of your current soil condition, does give you the advantage of making short term and long term adjustments. This can be done with lab analysis, but in many situations does not justify the costs.

A self assessment can be done, which basically can be used at any time, by which a few bits of information about your soil and plants will give you a quick holistic view of the conditions within your soil. Combined with an understanding of soil and its requirements gives you the ability to make quick and applicable applications and purchases.

By using the guidelines with this assessment,will lead to an informed plan of action.

The subscription page is designed to supply you with any information you might need.

For simplicity in assessing your soil conditions it is recommended that the checklist is printed and completed using the supplied guidelines, and if any assistance is required please complete the online checklist and we will get back to you.

Upon completion, the following procedure can guide you to an effective approach,

Please note that this is a self assessment, and the more acurate the information the clearer the picture becomes to you.

Upon Completion of the Checklist

The three main categories the assessment focuses on are Soil, Plants and Nutrition. We have added three examples on how to approach your checklist outcome's, with that of the information in Bio 1.

Only the information applicable to soil are used in these examples with plants and nutritions information discussed seperately. This in other words is not the whole checklist, only soil's components.

This is the final part of Bio1 – “Soil”, with the information on where and how to apply, being discussed in Bio 2.

Example 1

Example 1 - Assessment Breakdown

The general trend is compaction with low organic matter, which reduce water absorption, and mineral retention(CEC), limiting root growth. Due to Ca/Mg importance in soil and plants, it definitely will have been depleted with the previous farming cycles. There might also be a mineral build-up due to excessive fertilizer usage. The lack of organic matter will directly affect your soil biology, which in this case will also be low due to the lack of food(composts).

Example 1 - Outcome

The keys that addresses these problems lies within your soil's;

- Organic matter which returns the carbon and capacity to hold on to water and minerals.

- Ca/Mg ratio which are key minerals in binding and loosening soils reversing compaction and erosion, and

- the soil Organisms which digest and distribute organic matter and minerals through your soil profile also loosening the soil.

Example 1 - Plan of Action

The plan of action will then be;

• Using Effective Micro-Organisms to neutralize chemical in-balances,
• to increase organic content within your soil,
• neutralize any chemical buildup due to previous farming,
• adjust the Ca/Mg ratio to loosen this soil profile and
• re-introduce soil organisms using Compost Tea and Effective Micro Organisms

_______________________________________________________________________________________

        Example 2

Example 2 - Assessment Breakdown

The general trend is healthy, however it is almost borderline bringing many problems simultaneously. The history of 5 years will have left chemical in-balances within this profile and also limited soil biology. The anaerobic areas bring anaerobic organisms which are detrimental to healthy soil. A lack of composts or fully composted materials can also be considered along with the water and its source. Ca/Mg will also be addressed.

Example 2 - Outcome

The keys that addresses these problems lies within your soil's;

- Rehabilitation which will reverse many of the chemical build ups

- Organic matter which returns the carbon and capacity to hold on to water and minerals(CEC).

- Ca/Mg ratio which are key minerals in binding and loosening soils reversing compaction and erosion,

- The soil Organisms which digest and distribute oragnic matter and minerals through your soil profile also loosening the soil.

- Water and its source might need to be addressed.

Example 2 - Plan of Action

The plan of action will then be;

• Using Effective Micro-Organisms to neutralize chemical in-balances,
• To increase organic content within your soil,
• Adjust the Ca/Mg ratio to loosen this soil profile and,
• Re-introduce aerobic soil organisms using Compost Tea,
• Adjust fertilizer usage to limit chemical build-up's.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

       
 Example 3

Example 3 - Assessment Breakdown

Sandy soils can be considered as a majority of minerals and air, with serious dephicit's in organic materials and water. Erosion in this type of soil is also very common due to the soil's inability to hold on to each other. Soil life and nutrient holding capacity(CEC) is very limited leaving your soil in pioneer phases making plant life restricted, explaining the weak root development. Chemical balances should be relatively neautral because of the dramatic and constant leeching

Example 3 - Outcome

The keys that addresses these problems lies within your soil's;

- Organic matter which returns the carbon and capacity to hold on to water and minerals.

- Ca/Mg ratio which are key minerals in binding and loosening soils reversing compaction and erosion, and

- The soil Organisms which digest and distribute oragnic matter and minerals through your soil profile also loosening the soil.

Example 3 - Plan of Action

The plan of action will then be;

• Using Effective Micro-Organisms to neutralize chemical in-balances,
• To increase organic content within your soil,
• Adjust the Ca/Mg ratio to loosen this soil profile and,
• Re-introduce aerobic soil organisms using Compost Tea,
• AJ�+�Tq `sb|���CĔ�S~���nchemical build-up's.

The information on plants and nutrients are in our subscription area.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ End of Bio 1 - Soil

With a clear concept of how soil functions, can the plant's and their needs be approached, seeing that with a healthy soil profile a plant will get all the nutrients it needs.

Plants

Symptomatic treatments and certain farming methods have brought a narrowing between 

our needs, and the soils needs. Lower quantities and qualities of produce came as an effect, 

which very far down the line touches our personal health and interests.

Each plant should be seen as a wholesome, what you see on top(the branches) and that which is underground, the roots. This is the main reason soil management guarantee healthy plants. With biological farming we take the focus of the top, and start to work with with soil maintenance and root development, which almost guarantee a strong and resilient plant.

The aspects which are important to plants and its maintenance are;

                    1.    Plant Health

                    2.    Symbiosis

                    3.    Insects and Weeds

                    4.    Calcium / Magnesium

                    5.    Food Elements

                    6.    General plant assessment

1. Plant Health

With a healthy supply of nutrients from healthy soil, suggests that the only thing that is left is the plant and its functions. Much like soil, if the holistic need of plant's are met, can optimum growth be achieved.

By looking at;

                a)    The Natural process
                b)    Roots
                c)    Stems and
                d)    Leafs

can educated decisions be taken that will boost your produce and simplify the maintenance of the plants. 

The following illustration is aimed to show that plant health and production are directly related, and that a plant needs all the minerals to maintain its own health and resilience.

In this case it shows that no matter how much NPK is applied, that a deficit in 'boron' will drastically affect your produce quality and/or quality. Boron is the “steering wheel” of plant nutrients, and the deficit will make it difficult for the plants nutrients to reach the correct destination efficiently.

In the nutrition section of Bio 1 we will show how mineral's affect each other, making it very important to add the correct nutrients. A common problem is the constant appearance of a lack of nitrogen, which in many cases is symptomatic treatments.

        a) The Natural process

If plants were in a healthy soil profile, it can be said that food/nutrients are supplied to the plant at the required rate. 

These elements together with sunlight, is activated into simple sugars which is the fuel for the plant to grow. The sources of the required building blocks for a plant is mostly in the soil, but the respiration of plants also fixate element's from the air.

In some industries a “Brix meter” is used by which a sample of grass for example is taken and measured with sunlight to determine the grass nutritional condition. It reflects a colour variant that can be used to make nutritional adjustments. If a plant have the correct sugar content, will greatly increase a plants resilience against pest and plagues.

        b) Roots

A plants roots are basically halve the mass of the entire plant. If a plant root system is under-developed will almost certainly affect the rest of the plant.

These first set of photo's (b.1) illustrate the effect of weak/struggling root systems on your produce, and the second (b.2) is a relaxed root structure.

 (Both plants are 6 weeks old)

        b.1)

                          

        b.2)

                          
In this specific case the crops are sold per weight and crop “b.2”, only needed 5 stems to make up the weight while “b.1” needed 7 stems to meet the required weight.

Roots strength is directly related to the soil profile in which it lives. A lack of oxygen in your profile will reduce the rate of growth because the plant use most of its energy trying to maintain its root's and its development. 

If a plant is pulled out of healthy soil, you will find that some of the roots are connected to pieces of organic material, “humus collides”, the source of the plants macro- and micro nutrients.

     c) Stems

A plant's stems are the connection between the leaf's and the roots. Any deficiency should be evident in a plants stem development. As seen  above(stem and root photo's) that if a plant have access to enough minerals it will use all the space it can. In a healthy environment will the mass and agility of plants increase, lowering the possibility of insect attacks.

       d) Leafs

The leafs of plants should be considered as “solar panel's” for that plant, and that optimum exposure will result in maximum production. Leafs absorption capacity is much higher than roots, which can help making stress control simpler. By applying  biological methods to remove leaf prone insects, will  reduce the plants recovery time but also boost the health for maximum recovery.

2. Symbiosis

At least 65% of the sugars a plant generate is excreted back into your soil to sustain the microbial life who exchange other nutrients in return. This symbiosis have been disrupted with the use of excessive fertilizers and pesticides. Along each root there are millions of different organisms digesting the closest organic materials for plant consumption, and with the lack of a healthy bio-diverse soil biology can the plants optimum sugar levels not be reached making them very susceptible towards insect attacks.

Mycorrhiza which is a root fungi and lives in symbiosis with most plant roots, have been proven to increase root development and water retention. By inoculating your soil with Mycorrhiza will have a positive long term effect on your soil and the plants.

Cross cultivation have also proven a powerful to natural pest control. By planting other types of plants in between the main crop will bring other organisms into your soil which increases the bio-diversity of organisms and therefore reduce the risk of a run away organism.

        (Link to video of cross cultivation)Inactive

As mentioned in Bio 1 – 'Soil', is that “nature demands diversity”!

3. Insects and Weeds

A vital question that seemed to have disappeared somewhere is not, why do I get insect attacks, but rather why are there enough food for them to survive with!

There is a very similar pattern between weeds and insects that makes them indicators of a plant and soil's health. Which if understood can be used to improve the conditions that are lacking without disturbing your soil profile or stunning the plants growth.

        a.) Insects

 As can be seen in Bio 1 – Soil(Soil Organisms), is that part of the food chain is not just the micro-organisms,but the one's we can  see, for example earthworms and arthropods as  well.If nature balances itself with the concepts of predation, inhibition and competition then a more specific question to the problem would be, “but why are they there"? The answer being food.

In a natural system lions will only increase in numbers if there are enough food for  them to procreate and sustain their population.The same principal with insects, they will only grow into a plague if there were enough resources for them.This leads to the question, “how do insects find their food?”

An insect's eyes have a certain group of colour spectrum's that it sees with. Colours that does not fall in his spectrum(line of sight), is almost invisible to them. If a plant's  sugar levels were to drop and it's radiance changes to that of what the insect eye's  can see, it will be considered food.

 By comparing this with the food chain's general theory that, only the weakest of a species will be attacked first leaving the strong to procreate the stronger genes, with an insect identifying a weaker plant enables  effective and pro-active decision making.

As mentioned in 'Symbiosis' is that soil-organisms and plants live together to maintain each other. Most  pesticides and herbicides are in-organic, chemically based and kills indiscriminately!

 If nematodes are taken for example, then 80% of all varieties of nematodes are beneficial organisms.That would make the ratio of beneficial - against detrimental organisms, 4:1 (80:20).If nematicide is applied then, the new nematodes that arrives will be at a 1:1 ratio, making it very hard for the beneficial nematodes to gain a  majority of 4:1 again.

Compost Tea and Effective Micro-Organisms allows you to re-introduce a healthy group of bio-diverse       organisms, when and if chemicals have to be used.

With these methods of approach it should be concluded that the only effective method for plague and disease control lies within the plants health.

        b.) Weeds

If one look at the 'Succession Scale' then it must be noted that weeds for example live in bacterial dominated environments. It also indicates that each plant species have its own bacterial and fungal organisms that lives with it. By utilizing these properties can higher productions be reached, with drastically reduced chemical inputs. Currently weeds are poisoned, which leaves your soil in pioneer phases, making optimum growth extremely difficult. There are natural methods of doing weed control, but as with insects, that if the need arise to use herbicides, it is important to re-introduce the needed organisms with Compost Tea and Effective Miro-organisms. Methods of natural weed control are discussed    in Bio 2.

It could therefore be said that plants is more likely to assist one another, rather than being competition, as always been speculated. Barren/ poisoned soils for example has less capacity to sustain life, than that of soil with plant  diversity(variants of grass and weeds).

4. Ca/Mg

The importance of the Ca/Mg ratio does not just apply to soil, but also to plants. Both of these elements can be considered as being used in 'bulk' by a plant, which will be explained separately. The role these elements have on both plants and soil, should highlight the importance of sustainable nutrition. A deficit in any of these two will have dramatic effects on your plants and in the long run also on your soil's fertility.

            Calcium (Ca)

 Calcium can be considered the “scaffolding” of plants, very much like ourselves and our bones. It has a direct impact on 7 other elements and its distribution in plants(Mulder's Chart in Bio 1-Nutrition). It is one of the four main components which determines your soil's pH level(Mg, Potassium and Sodium are the rest).With its importance in soil and plants, and our agricultural methods, have placed a  heavy strain on soil and its resources. The replenishment of Ca will improve growth volume dramatically.

            Magnesium (Mg)

What makes Mg a crucial mineral is it role in making chlorophyll in plant's. The lack of Mg will result in a yellowing in plants that can not be repaired with nitrogen applications.

Chlorophyll looks like this;

This indicates a plant's strong dependency on Magnesium and also highlight the inter- dependency there are between minerals.

5. Food elements

With an bio-diverse environment can soil and vegetation return to “virgin like” conditions. With a healthy soil biology all organic materials will be recycled to be re-used for the new generations.

These are the conditions towards which Biological Farming is aimed at. By re-activating your soil and using less fertilizers which have been neutralized, will soil fertility and general sustainability increased.

Plants can not eat fertilizer's and need a digestive system to break any additions to the soil into plant accessible nutrients. These nutrients can only remain in soil if there are enough 'humus collides” to absorb them. These collides are created by natural composting or manual composting.

By copying the conditions needed for optimum nutrient release, which includes the symbiotic process between plants and micro-organisms, will be able to consistently maintain a plants health.

6. General Plant Assessment

The assessment with plants are very complicated but by combining a few components, does give you the advantage of making short term and long term adjustments. Depending on your immediate needs can plant-leaf analysis be taken, but the outcome of such an analysis will only be short lived.

With a general self assessment, which basically can be used at any time,will a few bits of information about your soil and plants give you a quick holistic view of the conditions within your plants. Combined with an understanding of soil and its requirements gives you the ability to make quick and applicable applications and purchases.

By using the guideline established with this assessment,will lead to an informed plan of action.

The subscription page is designed to supply you with any information you might need.

For simplicity in assessing your plant's conditions it is recommended that the checklist is printed and completed using the supplied guidelines, and if any assistance is required please complete the online checklist and we will get back to you.

Upon completion, the following procedure can guide you to an effective approach,

Please note that this is a self assessment, and the more accurate the information the clearer the picture becomes to you.

Upon Completion of the Checklist

The three main categories the assessment focuses on are Soil, Plants and Nutrition. We have added three examples on how to approach your checklist outcome's, with that of the information in Bio 1.

Only the information applicable to plants are used in these examples with soil's and nutrition's information discussed separately. This in other words is not the whole checklist, only plant's components.

This is the final part of Bio1 – “Plants”, with the information on where and how to adjust and apply, being discussed in Bio 2.

Example 1 - Assessment Breakdown

The general trend is compaction with low organic matter, which reduce water absorption, and mineral retention(CEC), limiting root growth. Due to Ca/Mg importance in soil and plants, it definitely will have been depleted with the previous farming cycles. There might also be a mineral build-up due to excessive fertilizer usage. The lack of organic matter will directly affect your soil biology, which in this case will also be low due to the lack of food(composts).

Example 1 - Outcome

The keys that addresses these problems lies within your soil's;

- Organic matter which returns the carbon and capacity to hold on to water and minerals.

- Ca/Mg ratio which are key minerals in binding and loosening soils reversing compaction and erosion, and

- the soil Organisms which digest and distribute organic matter and minerals through your soil profile also loosening the soil.

Example 1 - Plan of Action

The plan of action will then be;

• Using Effective Micro-Organisms to neutralize chemical in-balances,
• to increase organic content within your soil,
• neutralize any chemical buildup due to previous farming,
• adjust the Ca/Mg ratio to loosen this soil profile and
• re-introduce soil organisms using Compost Tea and Effective Micro Organisms

_______________________________________________________________________________________

        Example 2

Example 2 - Assessment Breakdown

The general trend is healthy, however it is almost borderline bringing many problems simultaneously. The history of 5 years will have left chemical in-balances within this profile and also limited soil biology. The anaerobic areas bring anaerobic organisms which are detrimental to healthy soil. A lack of composts or fully composted materials can also be considered along with the water and its source. Ca/Mg will also be addressed.

Example 2 - Outcome

The keys that addresses these problems lies within your soil's;

- Rehabilitation which will reverse many of the chemical build ups

- Organic matter which returns the carbon and capacity to hold on to water and minerals(CEC).

- Ca/Mg ratio which are key minerals in binding and loosening soils reversing compaction and erosion,

- The soil Organisms which digest and distribute oragnic matter and minerals through your soil profile also loosening the soil.

- Water and its source might need to be addressed.

Example 2 - Plan of Action

The plan of action will then be;

• Using Effective Micro-Organisms to neutralize chemical in-balances,
• To increase organic content within your soil,
• Adjust the Ca/Mg ratio to loosen this soil profile and,
• Re-introduce aerobic soil organisms using Compost Tea,
• Adjust fertilizer usage to limit chemical build-up's.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                                                   Example 3

Example 3 - Assessment Breakdown

Sandy soils can be considered as a majority of minerals and air, with serious dephicit's in organic materials and water. Erosion in this type of soil is also very common due to the soil's inability to hold on to each other. Soil life and nutrient holding capacity(CEC) is very limited leaving your soil in pioneer phases making plant life restricted, explaining the weak root development. Chemical balances should be relatively neautral because of the dramatic and constant leeching

Example 3 - Outcome

The keys that addresses these problems lies within your soil's;

- Organic matter which returns the carbon and capacity to hold on to water and minerals.

- Ca/Mg ratio which are key minerals in binding and loosening soils reversing compaction and erosion, and

- The soil Organisms which digest and distribute oragnic matter and minerals through your soil profile also loosening the soil.

Example 3 - Plan of Action

The plan of action will then be;

• Using Effective Micro-Organisms to neutralize chemical in-balances,
• To increase organic content within your soil,
• Adjust the Ca/Mg ratio to loosen this soil profile and,
• Re-introduce aerobic soil organisms using Compost Tea,
• Adjust fertilizer usage to limit chemical build-up's.

The problem that lies within this fertilizer is that we use ammonia and chlorine to sterilize environments such as our houses and water. These two elements destroys all microbial-life as well as the soil-carbon levels within your soil. Hydrogen for example is the most active element on the periodic table and will in the case of soil, dominate the humus collide, thereby destroying it.